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Peptic disease in elderly patients: PATHOPHYSIOLOGY Part 1
A wide range of physiological changes are thought to be associated with the process of aging, including changes in the organs of the gastrointestinal tract. In previous reviews, such effects as decreases in motility, and in gastric, pancreatic, biliary or intestinal secretions, and changes in absorptive capacity have been described. More careful analyses of the physiological effects of aging that excluded the influence of disease resulted in a major reconsideration of what can be attributed to physiological changes as a part of the process of aging.
Table 1 summarizes the major issues surrounding peptic diseases in elderly patients. The following are important: the role of Helicobacter pylori infection in altering the control of gastric acid secretion and in determining the incidence and course of peptic disease in older patients; crucial differences in the clinical picture of older patients with peptic disease; the issue of whether the evaluation and the diagnostic approaches that are usually used in younger patients should differ when considering peptic disease in elderly patients; and whether treatment options should be altered because a patient is over the age of 65 years (Table 2).
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TABLE 1
Major issues concerning elderly patients with peptic disease
TABLE 2
Physiological changes with age
Changes in gastric acid and pepsin secretion |
Changes related to esophageal or gastric motility |
The role of Helicobacter pylori infection |
Difference in clinical practice |
Whether evaluation and diagnostic approaches should differ |
Whether treatment should differ |
Aggressive factors |
Gastric hydrogen ion secretion |
Defense mechanisms |
Bicarbonate secretion |
Mucin production |
Prostaglandin concentration |
Blood flow |
Adaptation to injury |
Tags: Elderly people Helicobacter pylori Peptic ulcer